Body language топик по английскому. Body Language (Язык жестов тела)
На этот раз она будет посвящена нашим повседневным (или уже ушедшим в прошлое) жестам приветствия. Существует достаточно много разных приветствий, но мало кто задумывается, как сказать хотя бы одно из них . Например, рукопожатие переводится, как handshake, это слово вроде бы на слуху, и много кто его вспомнит, если потребуется. А вот как c остальными жестами?
Возможно, кому-то данная тема будет не так интересна, но я все-таки ее рассмотрю. Соглашусь, что в повседневной жизни встречаются не все типы приветствий, которые мы сегодня рассмотрим. Но ведь нам необходимо расширять словарный запас, так ведь? Никто не знает, какие слова пригодятся нам в будущем.
Greetings Приветствия
| Bow (Поклон) | This is a formal style of greeting for a man to a superior, such as a king, queen, lord or lady. Simply move your body forwards and down as a sign of respect. | Это формальный стиль приветствия мужчиной человека, высшего по рангу или социальному статусу. Например, короля, королеву, лорда или леди. Просто продвиньте тело вперед и вниз, выказывая знак уважения. | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Curtsey (Реверанс) | This is the female version of the bow (see previous entry). Lower your body, bend your knees and hold your skirt with both hands. | Это женская версия поклона (см. пред.).Опуститесь, согните колени и придержите юбку двумя руками. |  |
| Hat raising or tipping (Снятие шляпы) | This is a formal and old-fashioned way of greeting that was popular when people wore hats. It’s often performed as a mark of respect to a superior, such as a country gentleman. Simply raise the hat a few inches off your head, bow your head gently and say something such as «morning». | Это формальный и старомодный способ поздороваться, который был популярным, когда люди носили шляпы. Часто это преподносилось, как знак уважения высшему по статусу человеку, как, например, как джентльмену из провинции. Просто поднимите шляпу на несколько дюймов от головы, учтиво склоните голово и скажите что-то вроде «Доброе утро». |  |
| Hand kiss (Поцелуй руки) | Take the other person’s hand (usually a woman’s) and gently kiss it. Often performed by a man to a superior, such as a queen, princess or lady. | Возьмите чью-либо руку (обычно женскую) и нежно ее поцелуйте. Обычно — это жест мужчины по отношению к вышестоящей персоне (королеве, принцессе, леди). |  |
| Hand clasp/ a homie handshake (Братское рукопожатие) | The hand clasp, or «homie handshake», is a cool way of greeting one another. Hold your hand at about shoulder height with your elbow bent, and lock thumbs with your colleague. | Рукопожатие «руки в замок», или «братское» рукопожатие — это крутой (молодежный) способ поздороваться с кем-то. Держите руку где-то на высоте плеча, согните локоть и замкните большие пальцы. |  |
| Head inclination (Наклон головы) | On seeing someone you know, simply raise your head slightly and say «all right?». This is usually done among friends or casual acquaintances. | Когда вы видите кого-то из знакомых вам людей, просто слегка поднимите свою голову и скажите «all right?». Обычно так делают друзья или часто встречающиеся знакомые. |  |
На сегодня достаточно новых английских слов. Надеюсь, вы прочитали все, что написано на языке оригинала. Чтение очень полезно для практики английского языка. Если вы все поняли, даже не смотря на перевод, то это еще один плюс в вашу копилку. Продолжайте в том же духе, учите лексику.
Разумеется, жестов, которыми принято приветствовать друг друга, достаточно много. Если вы не нашли то, что искали, это обязательно будет в следующих статьях. Приятного вам обучения!
IntroductionBody language is another means of communication. Sometimes it can send signals stronger than words. Body language is controlled by your subconscious mind, so a reader can actually understand if there’s a difference in what you are saying and thinking. In order to ensure that your words and body language compliment each other, you need to read and practice a bit.
What are the gestures which you should avoid while talking to some body? What gestures can make you sound more positive? How can you show your agreement/ disagreement without speaking out? Has this worked for you? It will be interesting to know your thoughts on this.
Impact of body language
Body language often has great impact in transmitting messages to the listener. Facial expression and eye movements are very important while conveying your feelings. Smile on the face reflects confidence. If you are in meeting and you are not moving your eyes over all the participants, you will fail to add impact. You need to maintain intensity of voice to match the heat of the topic. Good posture coordinates your verbal language. If you have right body posture, you can easily control your voice. Your body weight needs to be equally balanced on the feet to have correct posture. Try to notice your body posture when you are happy and confident. You will find that your body is equally balanced and consequently, you are taking full breath at ease and body is moving synchronously with your voice.Body language plays an essential role in communicating with people. Body language comprises of the gestures and movements we make of the different parts of our body when communicating with people. Many a times, body language speaks more than words. Certainly, the body language must be in synch with the words.
Points to remember:
- Never be up tied or stiff while making movements.
- Avoid body language that may be misunderstood or look unprofessional. E.g. Winking
- A consistent eye contact is a positive sign and must be used
- Avoid fiddling with things around. It may distract the attention
- Each body part movement signifies something and helps in interpreting. E.g. Standing with hands on hips signifies aggressions, nodding signifies agreement and active listening, biting nails signifies nervousness.
- Unlike emails, body language does not give time to think. Hence they must be used appropriately.
Why body language
- Body language can instantly help to evaluate the interest of people
- It is a personal way of expressing emotions when words don’t help
- It can communication interesting and non monotonous
Positive body gestures are a sign of confidence and security. They are a sign of active participation and leave a good impression. Positive gestures include:-
- Walking upright
- Shaking hands confidently
- Having a pleasant face.
- Nodding head is a positive gesture
- A steady eye contact
Following negative gestures are a sign of insecurity and restlessness. Such gestures show a lack of confidence. Such gestures should be avoided in interviews or meetings.
- Being up tied
- Biting nails
- Getting distracted
- Faking a smile
- Looking at something else while talking instead of the speaker
- Proper etiquettes should be followed.
Body language (язык тела (невербальные средства коммуникации, включающие жесты, позы и др. невербальные знаки)) is a broad term for forms of communication using body movements or gestures instead of, or in addition to, sounds, verbal language, or other forms of communication. It forms part of the category of paralanguage, which describes all forms of human communication that are not verbal language.
Paralanguage (параязык (передача информации за счет определенной манеры говорить (напр., при помощи темпа речи, тембра и громкости голоса, тона, его модуляции и др., а также за счет таких невербальных средств, как жесты, мимика и т. п.))), including body language, has been extensively studied in social psychology. In everyday speech and popular psychology, the term is most often applied to body language that is considered involuntary, even though the distinction between voluntary and involuntary body language is often controversial. For example, a smile may be produced either consciously or unconsciously.
Voluntary body language refers to movement, gestures and poses intentionally made by a person (i.e., conscious smiling, hand movements and imitation). It can apply to many types of soundless communication. Generally, movement made with full or partial intention and an understanding of what it communicates can be considered voluntary.
Involuntary body language quite often takes the form of facial expression, and has therefore been suggested as a means to identify the emotions of a person with whom one is communicating.
The relation of body language to animal communication has often been discussed. Human paralanguage may represent a continuation of forms of communication that our non-linguistic ancestors already used, or it may be that it has been changed by co-existing with language. Body language is a product of both genetic and environmental influences. Blind children will smile and laugh even though they have never seen a smile. Iraneus Eibl-Eibesfeldt claimed that a number of basic elements of body language were universal across cultures and must therefore be fixed action patterns under instinctive control.
Some forms of human body language show continuities with communicative gestures of other apes, though often with changes in meaning. More refined gestures, which vary between cultures (for example the gestures to indicate «yes» and «no»), must be learned or modified through learning, usually by unconscious observation of the environment.
Body language is important in one-on-one communications, and may be even more important in group communications. In group situations, often only one person at a time is speaking, while non-verbal communication is coming from each individual in the group. The larger the group, the more impact body language may have.
Body Language Essay, Research Paper
In most areas around the world, English and Latin are known as the universal languages. There is one language that most people forget, body language. Most body gestures are understandable to people all over the world. For example, most people realize that when a person has their arms crossed they are not very open to what another person has to say. Body language itself is great to analyze as a correspondent of written/spoken language because the roots of a gesture are often much more apparent than the roots for a word. Because body language involves physicality, interaction and communication can occur on a much more basic and primitive level as a means of communication.
All of us are trained in the use of speech, to communicate what we mean in a way that other people will understand. As we are trained to use speech to communicate we also are taught how to position our bodies to express what we are feeling. As children learn from their parents how to speak, they also observe the gestures that their parents use when saying certain words. Communication through body language is in this way somewhat of an unconscious learned behavior. A person’s external body language speaks amplitudes. Your subconscious mind records everything it sees and experiences, including body language and the words it hears, then analyzes their consistency and spits out true gut feelings. That is why you can usually rely on your gut feelings.By observing somebody’s posture, eye movements, and breathing you can gain information about what she/he is doing in her/his mind. You can get the same information by listening to the qualities of her/his tone of voice.
The style you use when speaking is as important as the words you choose to use. When someone has a very sarcastic tone of voice the speaker is often unpleasant about the topic that they are talking about. When a person’s tone of voice is sarcastic, their body language is often sarcastic. For example, when they are saying the sarcastic statement the speaker may roll their eyes. Most people are unconscious of their body language, but it speaks volumes about what they’re really thinking. Everyone uses body language to communicate, whether they are aware of it or not.
Body language is either positive or negative. Some examples of positive body language are relaxed posture, good eye contact, nodding agreement, smiling or adding humor, and gesturing warmly. Negative body language includes a tense body, having you arms folded in front of you, having a hand on your face, fidgeting, placing your arms behind head, leaning back, yawning, exhibiting impatience or distraction, leaning away, and displaying negative facial expressions. When a person is analyzing their body language they should try to appear open and warm, confident, trustworthy, and relaxed. When two people in a conversation exhibit these characteristics, a conversation is sure to go smooth and be successful.
Through life experience we have learned that people often lie with words. White lies are told numerous times in one day by a person. However, facial expressions and other body language tend to be more honest. When a person’s words and body movements are consistent, we feel more comfortable and confident that what that person is saying to us is true. When a person’s facial expression differs from their words, your experience tells you to believe the person’s body language, not the words. Everyone is aware that your body doesn’t know how to tell a lie. Body language, unlike spoken language is indefinite; so you have to be careful about how you interpret it. A certain movement or facial expression may be quite meaningful, or it may mean nothing at all. Therefore, it would not be wise to accuse someone of lying to you just because one of their gestures suggested that they were uncomfortable and lying.
It is impossible for a person to not communicate. No matter what you do, or don’t do, you still declare your emotional state. Each of us reveals our emotional state with non-verbal signals. During courting, and later in a romantic relationship, knowing what the other person is feeling helps you behave appropriately. But, to know what that person is experiencing, you must attack the environment with your eyes, ears, and yes, your inintuition. In relations miscommunication is often the cause of most of the arguments, that includes misunderstanding someone’s body language. For example, a person may get upset with their significant other simply for the look they have on their face when they say something, if something was said sarcastically, or if one person yawned in the middle of a conversation.
If you think about it everything that you think of as communication is actually body language: tone of voice, clearing our throats, rolling our eyes, touching our nose - everything except the words we say. Your eye contact, or lack of eye contact, communicates. Your pauses communicate. Your facial expressions communicate. Your crossed legs communicate. Your posture communicates. Your open hands communicate. Your aroma communicates. In particular, your appearance communicates; hair style, type of eye glasses, accessories, tattoos, and your overall choice of attire. Once again, everything about you is part of your personal communication.
Our bodies can be just as expressive as our tongues. In fact, they’re usually a good deal, clearer, as a physical gesture or reaction will inevitably expose precisely what our spoken words seek to evade. It is essential, then, for people whose work involves frequent interfacing with others, to become fluent in the communication source of body language. Body language reflects accurately one’s emotional and mental state. Non verbal signs are very effective. They have a critical influence on the communicational processes, on the impression one creates, the manner in which she/he is treated by others and her/his performance. Understanding the messages conveyed through the body is of significant importance in order to improve communication skills, to improve one’s personal and professional targets and to increase personal effectiveness in inter-personal contacts.
As we know, nonverbal communication is the way that you use interchangeable sets of
visual, vocal, and invisible communication systems to convey and interpret meaning. There are
many categories that are included in nonverbal communication: “paralanguage, or vocalics;
posture, movement; objects, or artifacts; space, or proxemices; time; and the five senses
(Zeuschner 80).” Vocalicsis when you use volume, tone, rate, pitch, and quality of your voice to
give magnitude and meaning to our words. Proxemics means using space to communicate.
Artifacts are those objects – clothing, jewelry, etc.- taht relay a message about you. Movement
includes your posture, walking style, gestures, eye contact, and facial expressions. Time, also known as chronemics, can communicate attitudes or status. Lastly, there are the five sense
feeling, touching, smelling, seeing, and hearing, all of which express information to you from
Lastly, there are the five sense feeling, touching, smelling, seeing, and hearing, all of which express information to you from others (Zeuschner 80). These components combine together to make up the basic parts of nonverbal communication. When you use these components together they make your communication skills clearer and you relay better messages to others. There have been estimates made about the impact of nonverbal communication on the total communication process. It is said that body language ranges from 65 to 93 percent of communication (Zeuschner 81). Actions that you use to illustrate non-verbal communication are displayed in these six functions of nonverbal communication behaviors:
(1) Substitutuing
(4) contradicting
(5) Managing impressions
(6) Establishing relationships.
The influence of body language is at least as important as verbal communication. It is always present among conversations and other methods of communicating. One of the many examples of body language would be if a male and a female were at a party together. If both people were at opposite sides of the room but they both wanted to talk, they would find other ways to communicate with each other. The girl may notice the guy looking at her. After she has made eye contact with the guy, she might smile at him to let him know that she wants to talk to him. He would then smile back and the two people would walk towards each other and begin to talk.
Realizing the weaknesses in your nonverbal communication can be the key to becoming a successful communicator. “Self-awareness can be developed simply by getting into the habit of noitoring your behavior and taking note of our posture, movements, and objects (Zeuschner 93).” It is a good idea for someone to get outside opinions from peers and authoritative people on what aspects of your communication could use some improvement. Videotaping yourself in real situations will also expose you to your flaws. Once you have made the steps of improvement to your own nonverbal communication, you may begin to realize and analyze the body language of others whom you are in contact with. If you are more understanding of how you portray your own body movements and the body movements of others your communication with others will result in happier, calmer, and more successful conversations with others. This can be beneficial to you not only in your personal relationships, but also in your business relationships.
One more example of how non-verbal communication can be crucial to your life is in the area of a business interview. If there are two people being interviewed for a job, both containing the same crudential
Do we expect other cultures to adopt our customs or are we willing to adopt theirs? This might translate to how business or even foreign relations are to be conducted. Do we compromise or force others peoples to deal only on our terms? We may not have time to hear a language, but taking time to learn the «signals» is a powerful communicator.
As the global village continues to shrink and cultures collide, it is essential for all of us to become more sensitive, more aware, and more observant to the myriad motions, gestures, and body language that surround us each day. And as many of us cross over cultural borders, it would be fitting for us to respect, learn, and understand more about the effective, yet powerful «silent language» of gestures.
The world is a giddy montage of vivid gestures- traffic police, street vendors, expressway drivers, teachers, children on playground, athletes with their exuberant hugging, clenched fists and «high fives». People all over the world use their hands, heads, and bodies to communicate expressively.
Without gestures, our world would be static and colorless. The social anthropologists Edward T. Hall claims 60 percent of all our communication is nonverbal. In that case, how can we possibly communicate with one another without gestures?
Gestures and body language communicate as effectively as words- maybe even more effectively. We use gestures daily, almost instinctively, from beckoning to a waiter, or punctuating a business presentation with visual signals to airport ground attendants guiding an airline pilot into the jet way or a parent using a whole dictionary of gestures to teach (or preach to) a child.
Gestures are woven inextricably in to our social lives, but also that the «vocabulary» of gestures, can be at once informative and entertaining... but also dangerous. Gestures can be menacing (two drivers on a freeway), warm (an open-armed welcome), instructive (a police man giving road directions0, or even sensuous (the liquid movement of a Hawaiian hula dancer).
Bear in mind that the following gestures are in general use, but there may always be exceptions. In recent years, Western and contemporary values and ideas have become more popular and has either influenced, altered, and even replaced, some of the more traditional gestures, understanding human behavior is tricky stuff. No two people behave in precisely the same way. Nor do people from the same culture all perform exactly the same gestures and body language uniformly. For almost any gestures there will probably be a minority within a given nationality who might say «Well, some might attach that meaning to it, but to me it means...» and then they will provide a different interpretation.
In the world of gestures, the best single piece of advice is to remember the two A’s – «Ask» and be «aware.» If you see a motion or gesture that is new or confusing, ask a local person what it signifies. Then, be aware of the many body signs and customs around you.
